Eu-Korea Security Relations by Nicola Casarini

Author:Nicola Casarini [Casarini, Nicola]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781000352832
Goodreads: 55410808
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2021-02-25T00:00:00+00:00

The Republic of Korea approach to cyber-security and data protection

National system governing cyber-security and data-protection

The Korean government considers cyber-security and data-protection as an important part of its administrative priorities. 100 Policy Tasks, the five-year plan of Moon’s administration, presented in July 2017, includes administrative goals related to cyber-security and data-protection. It contains strengthening the function of the National Security Office in the Cheong Wa Dae as a control tower of the policies on national cyber-security, as well as developing a national system for executing cyber-security to strengthen the capacity of cyber-security at a national level, improving protection of personal information for guaranteeing human rights, and developing a response system against cyber-threats to build up the infrastructure for the fourth industrial revolution.3

In the current national system for executing cyber-security, the National Security Office under the President, Cheong Wa Dae, is a center for handling cyber-security issues.4 The Office published the National Cybersecurity Strategy in April 2019. The National Cybersecurity Strategy includes challenges, vision and goals, strategic tasks concerning cyber-security, and implementation plans.5 In this strategy, improving safety of national core infrastructure, increasing capability of responding to cyber-attacks, establishing governance based on trust and cooperation, establishing foundation for growth in the cyber-security industry, building a cyber-security culture, and enriching international cooperation in the cyber-security area were identified as strategic tasks.6 In carrying out its function for cyber-security, the National Security Office is supported by relevant national agencies such as the National Intelligence Service (NIS), the Ministry of National Defense (MND), and the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT).

The NIS, a national agency located under the direct jurisdiction of the President, handles cyber-issues of the public sector as one of its primary duties. In performing this duty, the NIS established the National Cyber Security Center on 20 February 2004.7 The Internet crisis due to the Slammer Worm on 25 January 2003 served as an accelerating factor in its establishment.8 The NIS duties include formulating and coordinating policies on national cyber-security, monitoring cyber-networks of public entities to prevent cyber-intrusion, and investigating the causes of cyber-infringement incidents.9

The MND covers cyber-issues in the sector of national defense. In strengthening the capacity of cyber-security at a national level, the MND is in charge of the task for securing ability to ensure the safety of cyber-space in the event of cyber-warfare.10 In this regard, the MND has divisions such as a Cyber Policy Division and a Cyber Threat Response and Technology Team.11

The MSIT generally governs cyber-security and information protection in the private sector.12 Specifically, it develops and coordinates policies on personal information protection and structures; operates preventive and responding systems in the private sector; establishes major policies related to the information protection industry; develops and coordinates policies on electronic signature authentication systems.13 In order to carry out these tasks, it has divisions such as an Information Security Division and a Cyber Security and Network Policy Bureau that includes a Cyber Security Planning Division, a Cyber Security and Threat Management Division, and a Cyber Security Industry Division.14

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